Lecture: ‘A Latina Judge’s Voice’
About: ... to discuss with you what it all will mean to have more women and people of color on the bench

America has a deeply confused image of itself that is in perpetual tension. We are a nation that takes pride in our ethnic diversity, recognizing its importance in shaping our society and in adding richness to its existence. Yet, we simultaneously insist that we can and must function and live in a race and color-blind way that ignore these very differences that in other contexts we laud. That tension between "the melting pot and the salad bowl" -- a recently popular metaphor used to described New York's diversity - is being hotly debated today in national discussions about affirmative action. Many of us struggle with this tension and attempt to maintain and promote our cultural and ethnic identities in a society that is often ambivalent about how to deal with its differences. In this time of great debate we must remember that it is not political struggles that create a Latino or Latina identity. I became a Latina by the way I love and the way I live my life. My family showed me by their example how wonderful and vibrant life is and how wonderful and magical it is to have a Latina soul. They taught me to love being a Puertorriqueña and to love America and value its lesson that great things could be achieved if one works hard for it. But achieving success here is no easy accomplishment for Latinos or Latinas, and although that struggle did not and does not create a Latina identity, it does inspire how I live my life.
This weekend's conference, illustrated by its name, is bound to examine issues that I hope will identify the efforts and solutions that will assist our communities. The focus of my speech tonight, however, is not about the struggle to get us where we are and where we need to go but instead to discuss with you what it all will mean to have more women and people of color on the bench.
Whether born from experience or inherent physiological or cultural differences, a possibility I abhor less or discount less than my colleague Judge Cedarbaum, our gender and national origins may and will make a difference in our judging. Justice O'Connor has often been cited as saying that a wise old man and wise old woman will reach the same conclusion in deciding cases. I am not so sure Justice O'Connor is the author of that line since Professor Resnik attributes that line to Supreme Court Justice Coyle. I am also not so sure that I agree with the statement. First, as Professor Martha Minnow has noted, there can never be a universal definition of wise. Second, I would hope that a wise Latina woman with the richness of her experiences would more often than not reach a better conclusion than a white male who hasn't lived that life.
Let us not forget that wise men like Oliver Wendell Holmes and Justice Cardozo voted on cases which upheld both sex and race discrimination in our society. Until 1972, no Supreme Court case ever upheld the claim of a woman in a gender discrimination case. I, like Professor Carter, believe that we should not be so myopic as to believe that others of different experiences or backgrounds are incapable of understanding the values and needs of people from a different group. Many are so capable. As Judge Cedarbaum pointed out to me, nine white men on the Supreme Court in the past have done so on many occasions and on many issues including Brown.
However, to understand takes time and effort, something that not all people are willing to give. For others, their experiences limit their ability to understand the experiences of others. Other simply do not care. Hence, one must accept the proposition that a difference there will be by the presence of women and people of color on the bench. Personal experiences affect the facts that judges choose to see. My hope is that I will take the good from my experiences and extrapolate them further into areas with which I am unfamiliar. I simply do not know exactly what that difference will be in my judging. But I accept there will be some based on my gender and my Latina heritage.

Tags
- sotomayor
- supreme court
- item 714
- racism
- scotus
- moving trains
- item 12025
Comments
More interesting would be to talk about the elephant in the room. Judges are supposed to make unbiased decisions based solely on the law. Yes they are supposed to do that. Yet that is impossible and never does happen. Look at Roberts record ... the dockets are replete with examples of judges consistently making rulings based upon their biases. Sotomayor has been the first justice that i know of who has even broached that subject in her writings - though now, of course, she cannot articulate it. Is the law a living thing which gets interperted by each generation according to the experiences of that generation? Or is it a fixed thing entoomed in one dimensional words which should be applied mechanically by some automaton?













I tried to make your famous item 714 work by carefully selecting the categories to which it applied. It rapidly became clear that there were no sacrosanct categories in which race distinctions would always imply the heinous crime of racism. You have confused color blindness with the opposite of racism. But racism is a crime in today's America and color blindness is some kind of PC stupidity. Sotomayor said it better, " ... we simultaneously insist that we can and must function and live in a race and color-blind way that ignore these very differences that in other contexts we laud".




I tried to make your famous item 714 work by carefully selecting the categories to which it applied. It rapidly became clear that there were no sacrosanct categories in which race distinctions would always imply the heinous crime of racism. You have confused color blindness with the opposite of racism. But racism is a crime in today's America and color blindness is some kind of PC stupidity. Sotomayor said it better, " ... we simultaneously insist that we can and must function and live in a race and color-blind way that ignore these very differences that in other contexts we laud".

President Barack Obama on Friday personally sought to deflect criticism of Supreme Court nominee Sonia Sotomayor, who finds herself under intensifying scrutiny for saying in 2001 that a female Hispanic judge would often reach a better decision than a white male judge.
"I'm sure she would have restated it," Obama flatly told NBC News, without indicating how he knew that.


I say celebrate that within your culture & in your community and kick it the hell out of the political & justice (where true equality belongs) domains where it doesn't belong.
I say celebrate that within your culture & in your community and kick it the hell out of the political & justice (where true equality belongs) domains where it doesn't belong.



It is interesting that, even though you have yet to master 714 you are willing to tell me what is & is not within it. 714 says exactly nothing about the law (except that a legitimate use of racial distinctions may be police APBs). Quote it if you can find it & I will kick it out if it is something I said. OTOH, if it is something you said then be ashamed!
"... anyone who uses the distinctions of race to argue, judge, excuse, blame, criticize, politicize, incite, agitate, allocate, study, educate, etc. is a racist."
is not to say:
" ..The law and government is supposed to be color blind. That is what equality under the law means. ...".
If item 714 had said the latter then i would have no problems with it.
But all that stops at the courthouse door. Figuratively and literally, justice wears a blindfold. It cannot be a respecter of persons. Everyone must stand equally before the law, black or white, rich or poor, advantaged or not.
Obama and Sotomayor draw on the "richness of her experiences" and concern for judicial results to favor one American story, one disadvantaged background, over another. The refutation lies in the very oath Sotomayor must take when she ascends to the Supreme Court: "I do solemnly swear that I will administer justice without respect to persons, and do equal right to the poor and to the rich. . . . So help me God."
When the hearings begin, Republicans should call Frank Ricci as their first witness. Democrats want justice rooted in empathy? Let Ricci tell his story, and let the American people judge whether his promotion should have been denied because of his skin color in a procedure Sotomayor joined in calling "facially race-neutral."
Make the case for individual vs. group rights, for justice vs. empathy. Then vote to confirm Sotomayor solely on the grounds -- consistently violated by the Democrats, including Sen. Obama -- that a president is entitled to deference on his Supreme Court nominees, particularly one who so thoroughly reflects the mainstream views of the winning party. Elections have consequences.
Vote Democratic and you get mainstream liberalism: a judicially mandated racial spoils system and a jurisprudence of empathy that hinges on which litigant is less "advantaged."
A teaching moment, as liberals like to say. Clarifying and politically potent. Seize it.


for some strange reason I cant edit my comments into your comment so the below will have to work.


So what does this mean for Sotomayor? Several things, I think. First, her legal craftsmanship or lack thereof is an issue. Why the cursory opinion? It is not clear whether she missed the big issues or whether she was trying to keep the case from a full review. Neither is a good. Second, what is her conception of equal protection if not the right to be judged equally by the government according to one’s ability? (Does she really think the city was practicing race neutrality?) Third, if empathy is her watchword how did that figure into the case here, if at all? Ricci seems a deserving fellow, at least entitled to an explanation from the court, if not his promotion.
In this one case we see the multiple issues which will be at the center of Sotomayor’s confirmation hearing. And what’s more we have a story that the average American can understand and relate to. The disabled guy worked hard under adverse circumstances and did better than most of his non-disabled peers, only to be told, “Sorry, the ‘numbers’ didn’t come out right.” And this is justice? Most Americans, I suspect, will think not and will want to know why Sotomayor acted as she did.
Well certainly there are experiences that are unique to each race ... to think otherwise is to be childishly idealistic. Sonia Sotomayor talked about some of the experiences that were unique to her... ones that you from a Caucasian culture did not experience. I'm sure that she thinks those are special, just like you think you early experience in Esoterica are special to you.
Btw, there is something about the way you are putting pictures in your comments that is breaking the HTML and making fluid dialogue tedious. Was that intentional?
The Minnesota Supreme Court has given an example of this. As reported by Judge Patricia Wald formerly of the D.C. Circuit Court, three women on the Minnesota Court with two men dissenting agreed to grant a protective order against a father's visitation rights when the father abused his child. The Judicature Journal has at least two excellent studies on how women on the courts of appeal and state supreme courts have tended to vote more often than their male counterpart to uphold women's claims in sex discrimination cases and criminal defendants' claims in search and seizure cases. As recognized by legal scholars, whatever the reason, not one woman or person of color in any one position but as a group we will have an effect on the development of the law and on judging.
Well, perhaps we need a female racist bigot on the court then.



Again, she has cited statistical studies indicating what our common sense tells us that background does affect conclusions. I suppose it is your job here to deny that even in the face of these studies. I saw another accounting of Sotomayor record on the bench this morning. It was something like 70% of her rulings we against the complainants of discrimination cases. I suppose you think it your job to deny that as well. Why is this lady not the best choice? Did she not just state our common sense notion that different backgrounds cause people to see things differently? Do you accept that premis, and if not why not? Or do you hold that interperting the ambiguities of the law never needs to call on one's background exclusive of the law? If you want to have a reasonable discussion of the pertinant facts and viewpoints here, then by all means address them. Otherwise please more the discussion off of my blog.

(1) If some one's background affects their judgment that is prejudice - the antipathy of jurisprudence.
(2) The ambiguities in the law are resolved within the law & the U.S. Constitution.


Again, she has cited statistical studies indicating what our common sense tells us that background does affect conclusions. I suppose it is your job here to deny that even in the face of these studies. I saw another accounting of Sotomayor record on the bench this morning. It was something like 70% of her rulings we against the complainants of discrimination cases. I suppose you think it your job to deny that as well. Why is this lady not the best choice? Did she not just state our common sense notion that different backgrounds cause people to see things differently? Do you accept that premis, and if not why not? Or do you hold that interperting the ambiguities of the law never needs to call on one's background exclusive of the law? If you want to have a reasonable discussion of the pertinant facts and viewpoints here, then by all means address them. Otherwise please more the discussion off of my blog.
Yep, there are a lot of cartoons out there today on this subject, e.g:












"Three of the five majority opinions written by Judge Sotomayor for the 2nd Circuit Court of Appeals and reviewed by the Supreme Court were reversed"


Sotomayor decided in Center for Reproductive Law and Policy v. Bush (2002) to uphold the Bush administration’s Mexico City policy, which prohibits taxpayer dollars from supporting organizations that provide or promote abortion overseas. “The Supreme Court has made clear that the government is free to favor the anti-abortion position over the pro-choice position,” she wrote, “and can do so with public funds.”



The code word for the new racism is “diversity.” The Constitution of the United States says nothing about diversity and the Constitution is what a judge is supposed to pay attention to, not the prevailing buzzwords of the times.What the Constitution says is “equal protection of the laws” for all Americans " and that is not taken out of context. People have put their lives on the line to make those words a reality. Now all of that is to be made to vanish into thin air by saying the magic word “diversity.”The landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964, like the Constitution, proclaimed equal rights for all, not special rights for those for whom judges have “empathy.”
Sometimes, instead of making you appreciative of a society in which someone born at the bottom can rise to the top, it leaves you embittered that you had to spend years struggling, and resentful of those who were born into circumstances where the easy way to the top was open to them.Much in the past of Sonia Sotomayor, and of the president who nominated her, suggests such resentments. Both have a history of connections with people who promoted resentments against American society. La Raza (“the race”) was Judge Sotomayor’s Jeremiah Wright. If context is important, then look at that context.



As to affirmative action cases, i will wait for a full presentation of Sotomayor's rulings to be presented before i am willing to characterize them as Sowell has. My opinion is that affirmitive action is pretty much a thing of the past ... i wonder if that will come out in the hearings. Should a judge be gigged for her rulings out of context of the predominating feelings of the erra in which they were made? If you think about it, should we hold Cheney and Rumsfield accountable for their actions on interrogation based upon the times changeing?







Again you must shove that idea that [item 714] is about calling people racists. It is about making distinctions about racism that will help make the problem disappear.







Tweet of the Day |
Sonia Sotomayor breaks her ankle and Dave Weigel tweets: I would hope that a wise Latina woman's ankle, with its richness of experience, can heal faster than a white male's ankle. |
Tweet of the Day |
Sonia Sotomayor breaks her ankle and Dave Weigel tweets: I would hope that a wise Latina woman's ankle, with its richness of experience, can heal faster than a white male's ankle. |

Tom Goldstein of Scotusblog conducted a much-cited study of the 96 race-related cases that have come before her. Like almost all judges, she has rejected a vast majority of the claims of racial discrimination that came to her. She dissented from her colleagues in only four of those cases. And in only one of them did she find racial discrimination where they did not. Even with what she calls her “Latina soul,” she saw almost every case pretty much as they did.
When you read her opinions, race and gender are invisible. I’m obviously not qualified to judge the legal quality of her opinions. But when you read the documents merely as examples of persuasive writing, you find that they are almost entirely impersonal and deracinated.



That point was agreed upon by all 9 (by one account).

At every stage of the job analyses, IOS [the company designing the test], by deliberate choice, oversampled minority firefighters toensure that the results—which IOS would use to develop the examinations—would not unintentionally favor white candidates.
D The Court stacks the deck further by denying respondents any chance to satisfy the newly announced strongbasis-in-evidence standard. When this Court formulates a new legal rule, the ordinary course is to remand and allow the lower courts to apply the rule in the first instance.See, e.g., Johnson v. California, 543 U. S. 499, 515 (2005); Pullman-Standard v. Swint, 456 U. S. 273, 291 (1982). I see no good reason why the Court fails to follow that course in this case. Indeed, the sole basis for the Court’s peremptory ruling is the demonstrably false pretension that respondents showed "nothing more" than "a significant statistical disparity." Ante, at 27�"28; see supra, at
e.g., Johnson v. California, 543 U. S. 499, 515 (2005); Pullman-Standard v. Swint, 456 U. S. 273, 291 (1982). I see no good reason why the Court fails to follow that course in this case. Indeed, the sole basis for the Court’s peremptory ruling is the demonstrably false pretension that respondents showed "nothing more" than "a significant statistical disparity." Ante, at 27�"28; see supra, atIn sum, the record solidly establishes that the City hadgood cause to fear disparate-impact liability. Moreover, the Court supplies no tenable explanation why the evidence of the tests’ multiple deficiencies does not create atleast a triable issue under a strong-basis-in-evidencestandard.


On an unrelated aspect, 4 of the 9 justices came to the same conclusion as did Sotomayor - rendering that ruling not exactly off the wall. It appears to me that it is a straight forward LS/RWG partisanship even at SCOTUS.
The broader questions lying behind the New Haven case are whether this nation will ever get beyond racial preferences and quotas such as those encouraged by both the Sotomayor and the Ginsburg positions, and whether it will ever realize Dr. Martin Luther King's dream of a nation where people are judged not by the color of their skins, but by the content of their characters.
Justice Ginsburg's prediction that the New Haven decision "will not have staying power" seems to reflect a conviction that the nondiscrimination ideal articulated by Dr. King should be put on hold for the indefinite future, if not forever. Judge Sotomayor's position in the case, and some of her off-the-bench pronouncements, suggest the same even more strongly.


She did say words to the effect that she could not find a case that would not be decided solely on the basis of the law where she would have to resort to her empathy or background; thus demolishing your pink elephant in the room.
Another Obamite demonstrates that there is a half-life to her statements depending upon whom she is trying to bullshit, in this case it's the judicial committee & she is going for the U.S. Supreme Court where her statements, unfortunately might live on.
"My play on those words fell flat. It was bad," Sotomayor told Alabama Sen. Jeff Sessions, trying to defend her 2001 speech in which she suggested a "wise Latina" would usually reach better conclusions than a white man without similar experiences.
"I do not believe that any racial, ethnic or gendered group has an advantage in sound judgment," Sotomayor told the Senate Judiciary Committee on Tuesday, the second day of her confirmation hearing to become the first Hispanic to sit on the high court. "I do believe that every person has an equal opportunity to be a good and wise judge."





Perhaps you didn't understand the part about flushing to dev/null ...here is a illustration. I really don't like to waste time repeating run of the mill blogisphere bloviations or rwg insults which do not inform, educate, enlighten, or have any chance of changeing any mind or fact of our life.
More interesting would be to talk about the elephant in the room. Judges are supposed to make unbiased decisions based solely on the law. Yes they are supposed to do that. Yet that is impossible and never does happen. Look at Roberts record ... the dockets are replete with examples of judges consistently making rulings based upon their biases. Sotomayor has been the first justice that i know of who has even broached that subject in her writings - though now, of course, she cannot articulate it. Is the law a living thing which gets interperted by each generation according to the experiences of that generation? Or is it a fixed thing entoomed in one dimensional words which should be applied mechanically by some automaton?




Judge Sotomayor’s confirmation was never in much doubt, given Democrats’ numerical advantage in the Senate. But the final vote — 68 to 31 — represented a partisan divide. No Democrat voted against her, while all but 9 of the chamber’s 40 Republicans did so.

Judge Sotomayor’s confirmation was never in much doubt, given Democrats’ numerical advantage in the Senate. But the final vote ��" 68 to 31 ��" represented a partisan divide. No Democrat voted against her, while all but 9 of the chamber’s 40 Republicans did so.


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